Forging Ploughshares

Romans 11: Their Rejection is the Reconciliation of the World

Paul Axton lectures on Romans 11 detailing the conclusion of how "God has shut up all in disobedience so that He may show mercy to all."

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Sermon: Reading the Bible Figuratively

Paul Axton Preaches - Hebrews is a case in point of how a figurative reading of Scripture and history is existentially now and not yet. It is not Nietzsche's Platonic - not yet Christianity nor is it Hegel's immanent - now Christianity, thus it counters both fascism and Marxism.

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Romans 10: A Covenant Producing Righteousness

Paul Axton lectures on Romans 10 which depicts the universal predicament of turning to the sign of the law rather than the transformative relationship of covenant which resolves this problem.

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Sermon: The Primacy of Hope in Resolving the Futility of Sin

Paul Axton Preaches - Romans 8 counters the suffering and agonistic desire described in chapter 7 with a participation in the Trinity grounded in hope.

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The Nature and Means of Universal Salvation

Matt, Tim, Alan, Trenton and Paul compare and contrast various approaches to Romans 9-11, represented in part by David Bentley Hart and N. T. Wright, discussing the various facets of the possibility of universal salvation.

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Sermon: United In Christ: The Resolution to Evil

Paul Axton Preaches - Sin is the alienating power linked to the orientation to death in Romans 5 and 7 and this is what Christ defeats and which, as Romans 6 describes, Christians realize by being joined to Him.

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Romans 9: Vessels of Wrath and Mercy

Paul Axton argues that in chapter 9 of Romans Paul is not talking about a double predestination of the Calvinist type. He is speaking of the way in which Israel’s vocation to be the people of the creator God, including specifically its calling to be the “vessels of wrath,” was the focal point of the plan to save the world.

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Sermon: Not Penal Substitution but Eternal Love

Paul Axton Preaches - The defining doctrine of evangelicalism, Calvin's penal substitution, subverts the biblical meaning of the work of Christ, trading a God of love for a wrathful pagan-like deity.

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The Mystery of Universal Salvation

Matt, Alan, Tim and Paul, in this initial discussion on Ro 9-11 discuss the mystery of Christ and the approach of David Bentley Hart and N.T, Wright to these chapters.

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Sermon: Delivered from Penal Substitution to Real World Defeat of Evil

Paul Axton Preaches - John Calvin, by tying the place of the dead to eternal punishment and then linking this with the punishment inflicted on Christ on the Cross so as to achieve forgiveness, invented the doctrine of penal substitution. The correct translation of Isaiah 53 and the right understanding of the Apostles' Creed are set forth to counter Calvin's innovation with the biblical understanding of atonement.

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